To optimize project execution, project managers apply resource optimization techniques that balance resource availability and time constraints.

Resource Leveling

Resource leveling is used when project resources are limited. In this approach, activity start and finish dates are adjusted to optimize resource allocation. As a result:

  • Based on resource constraints
  • Deadlines may shift
  • The critical path can change

Resource Smoothing

Resource smoothing is applied when the project timeline is fixed. Resources are adjusted within available float to meet the original deadline. In this case:

  • Based on time constraints
  • The schedule remains unchanged
  • The critical path cannot be altered

Pro tip: When managing a project, you can use a combination of both leveling and smoothing, or use those techniques individually, to achieve the desired intent.